The Scientific Revolution and the four waves against religion (Part 3 / 4) 
We come now in its third and penultimate part of our work into four chapters, it has shown as the Scientific Revolution helped to undermine the religious dogmas that had hitherto prevailed in the Western world as indisputable. We have spoken as Astronomy and History helped bring new light on human knowledge. Now is the time of Biology. Let us know how overwhelming a work produced in the mid-nineteenth century revolutionized our understanding of the origin of mankind. The name of the author? Charles Robert Darwin.
The remote human societies, the first tribal organizations were not able to imagine a possible rationale for their existence: for they had arms and legs, they thought, because they lived and died. The practical solution they found, was the production of myths, recounted the creation of the world and men, by superior beings, and powerful. Many of these myths have survived in time and survived. One in particular, still has millions of fans around the world: biblical creation myth.
According to this myth, originally belonging to a small town located in the region of Palestine, called Israel, but later won the world, told in their holy book, the Torah, there is one of these superior beings and powerful, acclaimed as "god" who created man "in His image and likeness", which is the apex of his creation. It says in the book:
And the Lord God formed man from the dust of the earth and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and man became living soul. Then the Lord God caused a deep sleep to fall upon man, and he slept, and took him, then one of his ribs and closed up the flesh instead thereof: and the rib which the LORD God had taken, he a woman and brought her man.
Genesis 2:7, 21-22
After that Christians later pitched the Israeli holy book - calling it the Pentateuch - in their own holy book, thus forming the Bible This myth was part of the foundation of Western civilization and culture. On the basis of faith, strength, tradition, or of conformity, all believed - or claimed to believe - The creation myth of the Man, or Creationism, proposed by the Church. Until another explanation emerged, revolutionary in the nineteenth century, when it was dangerous not deviate from dogma, that would shake the religious world. This is the book's publication The Origin of Species in 1859, by Charles Robert Darwin.
Cover of the English edition of The Origin of Species
Charles Darwin was then a British naturalist who traveled the world, gathering evidence for his thesis. His ideas influence of other contemporary thinkers such as Charles Lyell and Thomas Malthus, and so he could prepare a proposal which was then known as Evolutionism. According to her, the man ceases to be the center of God's creation and becomes the product of successive stages of evolutionary improvement, from a first living single-celled to complex human being who became, with other living beings taken different paths in these developmental stages. Through Natural Selection - Darwin's another revolutionary idea - living organisms are gradually adapt to the habitat in which they live, evolving in different ways, and so we have incredible diversity of living we have today on the planet.
Charles Darwin
At first, it fell heavily to combat religious ideas of Darwin . Today, more than 150 years of publishing the book, we can identify two different positions: first, the attempt to reconcile Darwinian ideas to the teaching of Creationism, as did the Vatican recently, claiming that "there is no conflict between faith and Evolutionism"; another is more identified with North American Protestantism, which interprets the Bible literally and ridicules evolutionary theory and its creator, Charles Darwin.
do not intend to delve into the debate about the ideas of creationists and evolutionists, who had since taking over the scene. I just want to make clear that religious ideas, regarded as certain and incontestable, like the idea of \u200b\u200bcreation of man, was deeply shaken by subsequent evidence to the theory of evolution has brought about the emergence of Man. Later these ideas were refined and supplemented by new discoveries - such as the fossils of human ancestors, something that Darwin did not know when he wrote his book - and since then has religious trying to adapt their beliefs (which I think intellectual dishonesty) to new scientific findings or fight them strongly. Are ways to save religion from the wreckage caused by the fourth wave that shook the religious doctrine: the evolutionary biology of Charles Darwin.
Sources:
http : / / www.historia.uff.br / ne / sites / default / files / A_teoria_evolucionista_de_Darwin.pdf
http://www.historia.uff.br/nec/sites/default/files/A_teoria_evolucionista_de_Darwin.pdf
http://www.renascebrasil.com.br/f_criador3.htm
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